Electricity is used by mass public transport systems and electric vehicles. Petroleum is the primary source of energy for transportation in the U.S. UU. Crude oil, gasoline, heating fuel, diesel, propane, and other liquids, including biofuels and natural gas liquids.
Exploration and reserves, storage, imports and exports, production, prices, sales. Sales, revenues and prices, power plants, fuel use, inventories, generation, trade, demand and emissions. Energy use in homes, commercial buildings, manufacturing and transportation. Reserves, production, prices, employment and productivity, distribution, stocks, imports and exports.
It includes hydroelectric, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and ethanol energy. Uranium fuel, nuclear reactors, generation, spent fuel. Monthly and annual energy forecasts, analysis of energy issues, financial analysis, congressional reports. Financial market analysis and financial data from major energy companies.
Data on greenhouse gases, voluntary reports, emissions from power plants. Maps, tools and resources related to energy interruptions and infrastructure. State energy information, including overviews, classifications, data and analysis. Maps by energy source and by topic include forecast maps. International energy information, including summaries, classifications, data and analysis.
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Reports requested by Congress or otherwise considered important. The national average fuel economy for light vehicles (passenger cars, light trucks, light trucks, SUVs, and crossover vehicles) has improved over time, primarily due to the fuel economy standards that the federal government established for those types of vehicles. However, the total consumption of motorized gasoline for transportation generally increased after fuel economy standards were established due to the increase in the number of vehicles in use and in the number of miles traveled per vehicle. The increase in the number of vehicles was mainly due to light trucks, minivans, sport utility vehicles and off-road vehicles, which have lower fuel economy than many passenger cars. Cars, vans, and buses are commonly used to transport people.
Trucks, planes and trains are used to transport people and cargo. Barges and oil pipelines carry cargo or large quantities of materials. The Energy Information Administration estimates that light vehicles (cars, light trucks and motorcycles) make up the majority of the total in the U.S. More than 90% of transportation is fueled with oil, and transportation accounts for almost two-thirds of the oil used in the entire world.
Transportation is responsible for 16% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and is a major contributor to other air pollutants affecting human health. Negative impacts disproportionately affect low-income communities and communities of color. Ethanol is a widely used renewable fuel made from corn and other plant materials. It is mixed with gasoline for use in vehicles. Electric vehicles operate with only about 11% energy loss, meaning that most of the energy that goes into the car ends up spinning the wheels.
As the vehicle does not burn fuel, there is no thermodynamic penalty for converting heat into motion. In addition, electric vehicles can recover energy during braking, increasing overall efficiency. Most vehicles around the world rely on the combustion of hydrocarbons from fossil fuels to provide energy for the rest of the vehicle. Newer technologies allow the use of batteries to power the vehicle.
The following pages describe this process in more detail. At a constant speed on a flat road, fuel energy is ideally used to overcome rolling resistance and aerodynamic resistance, but most of it comes out through the exhaust pipe as waste heat. Natural gas powers more than 175,000 vehicles in the United States and approximately 23 million vehicles worldwide. Natural gas (CNG) vehicles are good options for centralized fuel fleets with high mileage, as they can provide a similar fuel range for applications that remain within a region backed by reliable compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel. For vehicles that travel long distances, liquefied natural gas (LNG) offers a higher energy density than CNG, meaning that the fuel range is more comparable to that of conventional fuel.
The advantages of natural gas as a transportation fuel include its domestic availability, its extensive distribution infrastructure and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional gasoline and diesel fuels. More than a dozen alternative fuels are being produced or developed for use in alternative fuel vehicles and advanced technology vehicles. Because gasoline-powered vehicles are extremely inefficient (less than 1% of the car's fuel moves the driver), the decarbonization of personal vehicles is a priority and an opportunity to achieve climate change objectives.
